When a moving coloum of water is suddenly come to rest then it begins to stroke the various of the pump. The pump is liable to brake down by due to great impulsive force and violent shocks. This phenomenon of knocking is called as water hammer.
The main reason for a water hammer :
1. When suction pipe is too small.
2. When the valve has become defective.
3. If the suction pump is too high.
4. If the suction pump is partially choked.
5. If the pump is suddenly starting or stop.
6. If the suction range is lone.
How to minimize water hammer : 1. If we use a large dia. Suction pipe. 2. Regular choking of water and the valve set.
3. Checking of the suction head regularly for any choking.
4. Keeping short suction range.
5. Use of air vessel.
6. close the gate valve before staring the pump & slowly open it.
7. Stop the pump gradually with the help of fly wheel.
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